Wireless Mesh Technology Patent

                                
    
                                  ABSTRACT


     Devices and protocols and topologies for the implementation of a 
     Massive Array Cellular System (henceforth referred as M.A.C.S.).
     
     The M.A.C.S.  devices consist of   electromagnetic transceivers
     capable of simultaneously sending and receiving electromagnetic
     signals of multiple frequencies.
     
     The M.A.C.S.  protocols allow these M.A.C.S. devices to communicate
     with each other, navigate signals through the devices and relay
     various forms of communication from M.A.C.S. device to M.A.C.S.
     device as well as link to non M.A.C.S. devices.
     
     The mobile and stationary M.A.C.S. devices, protocols and
     topologies will freely provide a massive multimedia throughput,
     personal multimedia communication, mobile cellular service, as well
     as vehicular (i.e., automotive) safety control. 
     

    
     
                              SPECIFICATION
     
     This invention relates to the M.A.C.S. devices, protocols, and
     topologies.
     
     This system is a cost effective alternative to current company
     provided communication services. Typically this system and devices
     allow both  private households or companies having these M.A.C.S.
     devices  to interlink for the purpose of relaying signals from
     other  Massive Array Cellular System (M.A.C.S.)  devices for the
     purpose of  multimedia communications (i.e., voice and video,
     television, voice, data or any other form of digital or analog
     signals).
     
     The M.A.C.S. protocols are used for the establishment of original
     two way connections to remote household/company M.A.C.S. devices,
     as well as to distribute signals to other M.A.C.S. devices. Each
     user of such M.A.C.S. devices would be able to send and receive
     calls or multimedia communication relatively free of communication
     service charges.
     
     A sub-set function of these M.A.C.S. devices and M.A.C.S. protocols
     is for the purpose of providing mobile connections to
     household/company M.A.C.S. devices, co-operating to connect to an
     existing communication service company.
     
     Another sub-set function of these M.A.C.S. devices and protocols is
     for the inter-communication system for traffic vehicles (land, air
     or water vehicles) for the purpose of accident prevention,  and
     high speed navigation.
     
     As a background note, the present telephone and cellular systems of
     communication available for the general public typically requires
     the purchase of a telephone or cellular phone, the account signing
     up and connection to the physical lines  belonging to a telephone
     company, or connecting to a fee for service cellular system.  These
     communication companies transmit such signals by various means
     (microwave, conductive or fibre lines), charging the user a fee.
     The proposed devices and system would eliminate the user need for
     such telephone companies, television broadcasters, as well as
     television cable companies.
     

     
     
     The M.A.C.S. devices and protocols have the capacity of providing
     new videophone  or other multimedia services.
     
     These M.A.C.S. devices and protocols utilize many electromagnetic
     channels of relative small wattage. Because the specific
     electromagnetic wavelengths and maximum signal strengths will
     likely be government regulated, their specifications are hereby not
     being set. To compensate for limited frequency channels, the
     M.A.C.S. devices may utilize digital compression technology. For
     some multimedia communications, the M.A.C.S. may incorporate
     digital signal processing. Each channel may have varying strengths
     to optimize on long distance hops to other M.A.C.S. devices, thus
     minimizing the number of routing connections required to establish
     final destination M.A.C.S. device link.
     
     These M.A.C.S. devices are connected to various input and output
     devices, such as one or more multimedia devices  (ex:microphones,
     speakers, video cameras, computers, etc.).
     
     Each M.A.C.S. device is able to simultaneously process multiple
     channels. Most of these channels would be used to relay the signals 
     of other M.A.C.S. devices signals to their destination M.A.C.S.
     device. Each household/company having a M.A.C.S. device would be
     able to originate a request to connect to a far distant M.A.C.S.
     device via other relaying M.A.C.S. devices.
     
     The primary method of  navigation is based on geo-physical locating
     coordinates (ex: longitude and latitude or UTM).
     
     A M.A.C.S. device is addressed by a geo-physical co-ordinate
     location and device identity, such that the combination is unique.
     This address will henceforth be referred as LOC-Name.
     
     For validation and security the M.A.C.S. device LOC-Name may also
     have a password unique to the LOC-Name.
     
     The M.A.C.S. protocols are used to establish links between M.A.C.S.
     devices that may be separated and connected by other M.A.C.S.
     devices.
          
     After the initial originating M.A.C.S. device to destination
     M.A.C.S. device link, subsequent connections of M.A.C.S. devices
     may be navigated by previous successful navigational links  or by
     provided  routing instructions sent by the originating M.A.C.S.
     device. The M.A.C.S. protocols also allows for navigation
     alternatives in case a intermediate M.A.C.S. device link fails or
     for lack of available channels on an intermediate M.A.C.S. device. 
     
     The M.A.C.S. devices and protocols allow the development  of a  
     network of millions of M.A.C.S. devices distributed across various
     countries. The M.A.C.S. devices would originate and relay among
     themselves data, videophone, television, and other multimedia
     broadcasts.
     
     This M.A.C.S. devices, protocol and topology based network would
     have strategic communications  defence advantages. A man made or
     natural destruction of a city (or cluster of M.A.C.S. devices)
     would not permanently interrupt communications to other surrounding
     and remaining M.A.C.S. devices. The communications between M.A.C.S.
     devices would be relayed around the destroyed city or the bordering
     M.A.C.S. devices by increasing the transmission reception radius to
     span the de-activated M.A.C.S. devices, or relay signals around the
     deactivated area via other M.A.C.S. devices.
     
     These M.A.C.S. devices network would have a combined multimedia
     throughput far surpassing any and all present communication company
     services.
     
     The M.A.C.S. protocols cover the basic methods for M.A.C.S. device
     initialization routines, relaying or repeating of communications
     between M.A.C.S. devices, mobile M.A.C.S. devices communication
     links, and M.A.C.S. devices addressing. Various diagrams are
     attached to explain M.A.C.S. devices, protocols, and topologies.
     
     

     
     M.A.C.S. Device Initialization:
     
     On power up or first time activation the M.A.C.S. devices requires
     a LOC-Name. This Loc-Name may be a user entered set of geo-physical 
     co-ordinates (ex: longitude, latitude or UTM), and a user or
     M.A.C.S. devices identity (ex: company name, personal name,
     Personal Identity Number, S.I.N., etc.). The user of the M.A.C.S.
     device may enter an access password for encryption, access
     authorization, and security.
      
     The M.A.C.S. devices having the above manually entered or device
     calculated geo-location first broadcasts a 
     Request for Neighbour-Hood-Nodes. The nearest M.A.C.S. devices will
     respond with their Loc-Names. The requesting M.A.C.S. device then
     stores these nearest and most immediate neighbouring M.A.C.S.
     devices' information for future routing strategies for the purpose
     of relaying or repeating communications from and to other M.A.C.S.
     devices.
     
     Since many M.A.C.S. devices may be in one building, the M.A.C.S.
     devices begin first by using a signal transmission strength of a
     few meters radius in its broadcast for  Requests for Neighbour-
     Hood-Nodes, waits for responses and slowly increments transmission
     wattage or signal strength until a sufficient number of surrounding
     M.A.C.S. devices respond, achieving maximum number of clear
     channels as well as directionally diverse neighbouring M.A.C.S.
     devices.
     
     If a M.A.C.S. device LOC-Name geo-position does not fit within the
     signal radius of other M.A.C.S. devices LOC-Name geo-positions then
     the other M.A.C.S. devices will ignore all communications to the
     illicit device. This should prevent the unauthorized reception of
     signals.
          
     
     
     M.A.C.S. device Request for Connection, and M.A.C.S.
     device Communication Relay/Repeat:
     
     
     Having the LOC-Name of the M.A.C.S. device to connect to,  a
     request for connection is transmitted to the neighbouring M.A.C.S.
     devices (determined by the above initialization routine) by sending
     the desired LOC-Name and it's own originating LOC-Name. The
     subsequent M.A.C.S. device will also pass the relaying station LOC-
     Name, since it is not the originator. 
     For example, if the desired Loc-Name geo-position is north-west of
     the originating request, the originating M.A.C.S. device would
     request the M.A.C.S. device closest to the north-west destination
     be the relaying M.A.C.S. device of its transmission. 
     This relaying M.A.C.S. device would reply that it has a channel to
     relay its communication. The originating M.A.C.S. device confirms
     receipt of message, and stores the first level relay routing
     destination M.A.C.S. device LOC-Name. The relaying M.A.C.S. device,
     if not the final destination M.A.C.S. device, in turn would relay
     the original request with the desired destination M.A.C.S. device
     LOC-Name, the origin M.A.C.S. device LOC-Name, and the relaying
     M.A.C.S. device LOC-Name, to its neighbourhood M.A.C.S. devices.
     This process would repeat and continue until the final destination
     M.A.C.S. device is contacted. Once the final destination M.A.C.S.
     device responds then the relay of communication begins both ways
     from-to originating (origin) M.A.C.S. device and destination
     M.A.C.S. device via the interlinking and relaying M.A.C.S. devices.
     In cases where a M.A.C.S. device(s)  connection fails, a back-
     tracking and re-routing via the Request for Connection as described
     above is done until a final destination M.A.C.S. device connection
     is again achieved.
     
     For the purpose of speed, the successful route may be memorized by
     the origin M.A.C.S. device, for subsequent re-connections to the
     destination M.A.C.S. device. The relaying M.A.C.S. device may
     transmit back to the origin M.A.C.S. device through the paths taken
     by the relaying M.A.C.S. devices for the origin M.A.C.S.'s future
     use.
     Some channels may be reserved for the sole purpose of relaying
     one-way television or multimedia services to other M.A.C.S. devices
     in order to eliminate the need of cable service companies,
     television broadcasting,  and satellite TV/multimedia transmission
     services.
     
     
     Mobile M.A.C.S. device connection to stationary M.A.C.S.
     devices for relaying to existing telephone services:
     
     A secondary function of such M.A.C.S. devices would be to relay a 
     mobile M.A.C.S. device communication via stationary M.A.C.S.
     devices to a traditional telephone service company by allowing the
     mobile M.A.C.S. device to send its telephone service charge account
     number to the telephone company system for validation and have all
     such telephone charges charged to the user of the mobile M.A.C.S.
     device's telephone number. The stationary M.A.C.S. device would
     feed the mobile M.A.C.S. device's communication immediately into
     the existing Telephone Company services by hard wire or other
     traditional telephone systems. 
      
  
          
     Mobile M.A.C.S. devices communication to stationary
     M.A.C.S. devices:
     
     In this situation the originating first level connection to a 
     stationary M.A.C.S. device becomes the origin M.A.C.S. device's
     geo-location component of its LOC-Name for the returning
     communication from the desired destination M.A.C.S. device or
     relaying M.A.C.S. device, the first stationary M.A.C.S. device
     takes on the function of representing the mobile M.A.C.S. device's
     LOC-Name. 
     When the mobile M.A.C.S. device begins to physically pass beyond
     the signal area of the first level connection stationary M.A.C.S.
     device, the mobile M.A.C.S. device requests another stationary 
     M.A.C.S. device within its signal area  to become the origin
     M.A.C.S. device LOC-Name and its first level connection to insure
     a reliable communication channel. The previous stationary  M.A.C.S.
     device   is informed of its desire to use another stationary
     M.A.C.S. devices to represent it as the origin M.A.C.S. device Loc-
     Name. The previous stationary  M.A.C.S. device in turn informs the
     next level relaying M.A.C.S. device to communicate to the new
     origin M.A.C.S. device's LOC-Name.
     If the any of the relaying M.A.C.S. devices becomes out of service,
     out of signal range, or out of free relaying channels then a re-
     routing backwards and forward to the new M.A.C.S. device (s) is
     performed.
     Password verification can be relayed to the users stationary
     M.A.C.S. device to authorize the mobile M.A.C.S. device's 
     reception of signals that would normally be sent to the users
     stationary M.A.C.S. device . 
     
     Mobile M.A.C.S. can request a relay from one Mobile M.A.C.S. to
     another Mobile M.A.C.S. which in turn  will relay to another
     Mobile M.A.C.S. using the geo-physical co-ordinates obtained by 
     Geo-positioning satellites to determine their mobile geo-physical
     location for the purpose of navigating towards the direction of
     the destination LOC-Name. This allows the navigation of the relays 
     to incorporate any mixture of Stationary and Mobile M.A.C.S. to
          achieve connection to the destination LOC-Name. 
     Mobile M.A.C.S. devices communication for inter-vehicle
     navigational and safety and inter-vehicle user
     communications:
     
     The mobile M.A.C.S. devices for such a function must have a means
     to re-calculate its geo-position or LOC-Name. With a geo-
     positioning resolution of better than few meters, vehicles can 
     inter-communicate their speed, direction, vehicle conditions, 
     braking conditions, passenger communication etc. to other signal
     area mobile M.A.C.S. devices.  
     In cases where a vehicle, having a mobile M.A.C.S. device, is in
     front of another mobile M.A.C.S. device equipted vehicle, that may
     suddenly brake, then the following vehicle can take appropriate
     measures to prevent collision.
     In cases of intersection crossing by such equipped M.A.C.S. device
     vehicles, the inter-communications of crossing vehicles can warn of
          an  impending collision.   
    
     
     
     
                                   CLAIMS
                                        
     The embodiments of the invention in which an exclusive property or
     privilege is claimed are defined as follows:
     
     1. The Massive Array Cellular System (M.A.C.S.)  devices
     
     2. The Massive Array Cellular System (M.A.C.S.)  protocols.
     
     3. The Massive Array Cellular System (M.A.C.S.)  topologies.
     
          4. The Massive Array Cellular System (M.A.C.S.)  applications.
     
     
      
  
     
     
                                   DRAWINGS
     
     Drawings which illustrate embodiments of the invention, various
     types of communication topologies utilizing embodiments of the
     invention.
     
     
     Figure 1: M.A.C.S. device Initialization.
     
     Figure 2: M.A.C.S. device Connection Request and Relay.
     
     Figure 3: Mobile M.A.C.S. devices.
     
     Figure 4: Mobile M.A.C.S. device connection to stationary M.A.C.S.
     device for relaying to existing telephone service companies'
     services.
     
     Figure 5: Mobile M.A.C.S. communicating with stationary M.A.C.S.
     device for the pupose of connecting to other M.A.C.S. devices. 
     
     Figure 6: Typical topologies of M.A.C.S. devices with out of range
     repeaters.
     
 
  

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